Sub-bass (20Hz – 60Hz)
Deep, booming, thunderous, resonant, seismic.
Very low frequencies that provide depth and rumble to the sound, often felt more than heard. They contribute to the impact and power of bass-heavy music genres like electronic dance music (EDM) and hip-hop.
Bass (60Hz – 250Hz)
Thick, punchy, powerful, weighty, full-bodied.
The foundation of the music, providing warmth and fullness. Bass frequencies give weight to instruments like kick drums, bass guitars, and low-end synth elements.
Low-mid (250Hz – 500Hz)
Muddy, boomy, woody, honky, boxy.
Adds body and clarity to instruments such as vocals, guitars, and snare drums. Enhancing this range can help improve intelligibility and definition.
Mid (500Hz – 2kHz)
Rich, balanced, warm, natural, smooth.
This range contains many important elements of musical instruments and vocals. Adjusting this range can impact the presence, clarity, and tonal balance of the sound.
Upper-mid (2kHz – 4kHz)
Clear, present, articulate, cutting, focused.
Important for intelligibility and articulation of vocals and instruments like snare drums and guitars. Boosting this range can bring out details and make sounds more prominent.
Presence (4kHz – 6kHz)
Crisp, detailed, sparkling, vibrant, pronounced.
Adds brightness, edge, and definition to vocals and instruments. Enhancing this range can make the sound more forward and present.
High-end (6kHz – 20kHz)
Bright, airy, shimmering, sizzling, brilliant.
High-frequency range that contributes to clarity and airiness. It contains elements like cymbals, shimmering effects, and harmonic overtones.
